CFD Engines

Averaged 3D simulation

• Liquid fuel spray
• Ignition
• Combustion
• Pollutant emissions

Applicative studies using IFP-C3D

• Gasoline engine
• Diesel
• HCCI and CAI engine
• Motorsport engine

Averaged 3D simulation

Three-dimensional (3D) simulation is used to calculate diphase flows (gas/liquid fuel) reactive in internal combustion engines. It is an essential tool, used to analyze the complex physical phenomena that occur inside these engines (flooding linked to short circuiting involved by valve overlap, liquid film formation on the walls, formation of pollutants, etc.). In this context, IFP Energies nouvelles is developing models based on a RANS-type (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) averaged approach, which covers the problems that can be encountered in piston engines:
 

• Liquid fuel spray:

 
- Injection
 
- Behavior of fuel sprays in engine conditions
(penetration, form, evaporation))
 
- Multi-component formulation of fuels

Liquid and vapor penetrations in a cold and hot pressurized cell: comparison between calculation and experience

- Spray – wall interaction
 
- Liquid film on walls: formation, transport, evaporation and separation

Liquid film formation and implosion on valve closure ( Video MPEG, 2.2 Mo )

• Ignition:

- Auto-ignition in gasoline and diesel engines (including HCCI and CAI)

TKI auto-ignition model (Colin et al., 2005)

- Spark plug ignition

Ignition via the AKTIM model and combustion in a gasoline indirect injection engine (4 cylinders, 6 bar BMEP @ 2000 rpm) ( Video MPEG, 2.3 Mo )

• Combustion:

- Development of a unified approach enabling simulation of combustion in gasoline and diesel engines: ECFM3Z model

- Incorporation of

air/fuel ratio fluctuation in a gasoline direct injection optical engine

• Pollutant emissions:

- Calculation of NOx, CO, HC and soot

Example of estimation pollutant levels (NOx and soot) in a fully-loaded heavy-duty engine at 1250 rpm

The models cited above are integrated into the commercial 3D simulation code, IFP-C3D, which is a tool for the optimization of conventional engines and the design of new combustion chambers. This code is entirely integrated into the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim simulation platform and is coupled with other libraries (e.g. IFP-Engine) in this platform with the aim of providing a multiscale approach for engine simulation.

Multiscale approach

Applicative studies using IFP-C3D

• Gasoline engine:

- indirect injection

Indirect injection gasoline engine

- direct injection

Direct injection gasoline engine: 3.8 bar BMEP @ 2000 rpm, piezo-electric injection, 30% external EGR, 8% residual gases ( Video MPEG, 1.6 Mo )

• Diesel:

Examples :

- Effect of EGR

Partially-loaded diesel engine

- Case of a marine engine

Marine diesel engine: Comparison between calculation and experience for several operating points

• HCCI and CAI engine

HCCI diesel engine (NADI TM concept) ( Video MPEG, 3.2 Mo )

• Motorsport engine:

Combustion in a F1 engine ( Video .AVI, 10 Mo )