Electrical and electronic engineering

In electric vehicle powertrains, it is necessary to convert the DC voltage supplied by the battery into three-phase AC voltages to power the vehicle's electric motor. This conversion is carried out by the vehicle's on-board power electronics, known as an inverter. This inverter is also responsible for controlling the electric motor, varying its speed or torque (...) These voltage drops, be they intrinsic or of external origin, will reduce the performance of the machine in question. Initially, this PhD research made it possible to study and model in detail the physical phenomena behind intrinsic voltage drops in converters....

To maximize the contribution of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) to the decarbonization of the transport sector, their energy performance is a key factor that needs to be considered from the design phase. For an HEV, optimizing the design in order to reduce consumption involves not only optimizing a sizing aspect but also the EMS. This co-optimization of sizing and energy management is generally tackled either by nesting optimal control algorithms within an optimization algorithm dedicated to sizing, or by using convex optimization to simultaneously optimize the design levels. However, the former approach is known to induce computational constraints (for example relating to calculation time), while the latter can affect modeling fidelity due to the constraints inherent in convex optimization...

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are a reference technology for electric vehicle propulsion. However, their large-scale deployment is subject to the constraints associated with magnets: the capacity to obtain resources as well as the environmental challenges related to mining, recycling and refining. In addition, PMSMs often require flux-weakening1 strategies in order to operate at high speeds, which can result in energy losses...

In the case of electrified vehicles, whether battery-powered (electric or hybrid) or powered by fuel cells (FC), power electronics (PE) converters play a major role, as they are used for a variety of functions. For example, they are used to drive electric motors, manage on-board energy or control traction battery recharging...

Like all sectors concerned by electrification, the transport sector requires the design of high-performance, efficient electrical systems that respond to multiple constraints, such as cost and compactness. In this context, optimisation has become an essential step in the design process of these systems, particularly for electrical machines...

The electrification of mobility is a major transformation aimed at reducing greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions by the transport sector. In this context, the Li-ion battery is currently the technology employed by all car manufacturers to provide the energy storage required for the roll-out of electric vehicles...

Electrification of the vehicle powertrain is one of the keys to sustainable mobility and hybridization with internal combustion engines is becoming increasingly common. In this context, the “48-volt” mild hybrid system is a low-cost, flexible and easy-to-integrate option, with reduced safety constraints and outstanding performances.

In order to reduce fuel consumption in gasoline engines, manufacturers are focusing their efforts on turbocharging and downsizing. However, this option leads to an increase in the knock phenomenon

In hybrid vehicles, onboard algorithms are aimed at splitting power between the various energy sources in order to minimize fuel consumption and/or pollutant emissions. This real-time management