IFPEN, à travers le Carnot IFPEN Transports Energie, est fier d’annoncer la création de la société TecHKare, qui propose des solutions d’aide au déplacement de charges lourdes en milieu hospitalier.
Project Manager Storage and Energy Systems for Sustainable Mobility
Thomas Leroy is graduated from ESSTIN and received the PhD degree in Control theory and Mathematics from the Ecole des Mines ParisTech, France, in 2010. He joined IFPEN as control research engineer on
Pierre Michel obtained in 2015 a PhD from Université d’Orléans for his thesis work on Hybrid Electric Vehicle energy management. After a post-doc at Argonne National Laboratory on Connected and
Researcher
HDR-Associated with the SMEMaG Doctoral School of CentraleSupelec at the University of Paris-Saclay
PhD from the University of Paris-VI obtained in 1990 in the field of Computational Fluid Mechanics. HDR (habilitation à diriger des recherches) from the Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse
Project manager / PhD in process engineering and advanced technologies
Stéphane Raux, graduated from the ESTACA engineering school and holder of a PhD in process engineering and advanced technologies from Sorbonne University-UPMC, works at IFP Energies nouvelles since
Head of department, PhD in Energetics,
Optical Diagnostics for Engine Combustion specialist
Engineering degree from Ecole Centrale Paris in 1992. PhD on combustion modeling in internal combustion engines at IFPEN/Ecole Centrale Paris, 1996. National accreditation to supervise research (HDR)
All-electric vehicles operate with a battery and an electric motor. The large-capacity battery has to be recharged with the vehicle stationary at a charging station.
Connected vehicles, driverless vehicles, new mobility needs: a revolution is under way in the world of transport. These new smart transport methods explained.
The transport sector faces a dual challenge: to meet the growing demand for mobility and reduce the environmental impact of journeys made. On top of this come new forms of mobility, such as car-sharing and the introduction of digital innovations (connected and driverless vehicle), marking the start of the “car transition”.
Car market growth
The number of vehicles on the road is growing all the time. In 2019, 100 million vehicles are likely to be sold. One of the main reasons for this is the increase in demand in emerging countries. China is the biggest contributor to rising global sales, followed by India.
In China, there was a five-fold increase in the number of cars between 2004 and 2014. Today, 3 out of every 10 new cars sold in the world are registered in China (source Ademe).
Road transport has a significant impact on the environment:
93% of the energy used by transport is derived from oil.
Répartition de l'utilisation du pétrole par grands secteurs en Mb/j
Local pollution associated with CO (carbon monoxide), HC (unburned hydrocarbons), NOx (nitrogen oxides) and particle emissions; the majority of this is urban pollution, something that poses a genuine problem in the context of growing urban development. In 2050, 65% of the world’s population will be city dwellers.
Did you know? Wear on tires and brakes produces fine particles, which depend on the type of journey, weather and driving style. They are in the region of 10 to 40 mg/km traveled, higher than the levels of exhaust emissions from recent vehicles, either petrol or diesel. The European standard on pollution sets a limit of 4.5 mg/km traveled for exhaust emissions.
The climate impact: globally, the transport sector is responsible for 23% of all greenhouse gas emissions.
Waste associated with vehicle production and end-of-life processing.
Pollution control standards
Pollution control regulations play a pivotal role in driving technological changes to powertrains. They have accelerated the design of cleaner, more economical cars (particle filters, reduction in the sulfur content of fuels, etc.).
Carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particles for diesel engines are regulated on a European level. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is not regulated in the transport sector but European manufacturers have made a commitment to reduce it.
The European Union imposes increasingly restrictive emission thresholds on manufacturers:
A first objective set for 2021 will require them to market a vehicle fleet emitting under 95 gCO2/km on average, failing which they will have to pay significant “penalties”,
Discussions underway at the European Commission may lead to the imposition of a further consumption reduction of between 30 and 50% between 2021 and 2030, compelling manufacturers to incorporate additional innovations in their vehicles and powertrains.
In France, the Climate plan sets an objective of ending the sale of gasoline and diesel cars by 2040.
Pollution control regulations play a pivotal role
in driving technological changes to powertrains.
Towards a car revolution?
To address growing environmental concerns, the transport sector has initiated its energy transformation: increased electrification of the car fleet (hybrid and all-electric vehicles), a ban on the most polluting vehicles, new mobility usages, etc.
But the low rate of renewal of the vehicle fleet, the high costs of alternative technologies and dedicated infrastructures such as recharging stations, and the absence of adequate public incentive policies continue to hamper the large-scale roll-out of new transport solutions.
In France, 37% of vehicles are over 10 years old or the average age is 8.8 years.
